Philosophy, What Represents a Personality Essay

Philosophy, What Represents a Personality - Essay Example Every individual in the society is influenced by a particular behaviour, which is learned by adapting the conditions of external environment, escorted by the unique characteristics combined to form a personality; it depends upon the quality of characteristics to form personality, however it entirely depends upon the way of thinking of an individual as to how he perceives such attributes. Like for example intelligence could be taken in the positive sense as well as in the negative sense. When a person utilizes his "intelligence" capability in the positive manner, his visions are likely to be broader in accepting the different forms of knowledge. Similarly when a person is characterized by certain motivational and positive approach, while utilizing his creative skills, he starts thinking of perceiving knowledge and while thinking in a forward direction he would consciously or unconsciously search for the logic behind that approach. Another example is of a student who has attained a "bad" grade, is scolded by his teacher. If, approached in a positive way, he would work hard to achieve a better grade the next time. In this manner he is ready to accept any advice and considers it useful, and as long he remains positive and work hard, he search for the logic behind that advice given to him by his teacher. The negative attributes are identified by the impedance towards a positive approach or we can say as a lack of "can do" attitude. When the positive qualities of a person are superseded by the negative influence of personality, then the negative attributes cause him harm by blocking the ways of knowledge. In the above example if the student, instead of realizing his mistake and working hard, does not bother about the teacher's comments and continue with a careless attitude that would be considered as a negative element of his personality. Further more, if he were followed by arrogance, then for sure he would go on with his "uncaring" approach, which would ultimately hinder in the way of "acceptance of knowledge", cause him harm and he would be in a loss. Personal Epistemology Epistemology is concerned with the origin, nature, limits and methods of human knowledge. It is obvious that a person who is influenced by positive characteristics searches for knowledge. His mind actually searches logic behind knowledge and justified reasoning behind logic. So we can say it serves as a chain ware comprising of knowledge, logic and reasoning. Reasoning because a sensible positive approached person's mind does not accept things if they are not justified to the extent of satisfying the mind. Here comes the perception, which is built when his mind is satisfied by the justifiable reasoning. Now the question arises, if a positive minded person searches for reasoning to find logic, which later becomes his perception, then what about the justifications of a negative minded person Here come two cases. Either the negative approached person does not seek for logic because his mind does not feel in need of justifications. We can say in this sense he is lack of common sense, hi s mind is devoid of creativity to seek the truth or logic. That implies that such a person is devoid of intelligence required for justifications. Or, in the other case, if he seeks for logic, it would be in his own interest, supporting his views, his decisions and ultimately encourage his own perceptions. So,

Foreign Market Entry and Diversification Essay Example for Free

Foreign Market Entry and Diversification Essay Create An Argument For Diversification Of Your Business That Will Be Presented To The Board Of Directors Or Business Investors. Diversification is going to be the key to the longevity of our label. Our smallest competitors, Simply Fashion and Cato, offer shoes and accessories; while our largest competitors, Lane Bryant and Avenue have begun to offer minimal exercise wear. â€Å"†¦diversifying entrants pose a bigger threat in increasing rivalry and challenging incumbents’ market share†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Klein Lien, 2009, p. 299). Right now, Lane Bryant is the leader in diversified product lines, although our competitors offer a variety of products in plus size fashion. Our company will improve on quality in order to become a threat to the competitors. If we do not diversify, we will quickly become irrelevant in the market, like our smaller competitors. If we plan to succeed and increase longevity we must diversify and improve upon what our competitors offer. Develop A Strategy For Diversification Indicating The Products And Industries For The Diversification And How Synergies May Be Gained From The Diversified Activity. As a way to increase popularity and customer base loyalty, marketing, research and development will work with designers and distributors on a costume accessories line for plus size women. Currently plus size women are hard pressed to find bracelets for the larger wrist, rings for the larger finger and necklaces that fall where they are supposed to. Lane Bryant is the leader in accessories but they are extremely expensive at twenty to thirty dollars for a ring or bracelet. Costume jewelry is not an item that is meant to last forever. Metals tarnish, plastic’s color fades after repeated use. Our company can come in and offer the correct size accessories at the correct price. Claire’s is a leading accessories line for average women. They are successful because they offer an extremely wide variety of accessories at varying price levels but they do not have many pieces for larger fit. They do offer extenders for necklaces and some bracelets but the extenders are generic and most times do not match the jewelry purchased. We see a synergy with them as a way of increasing sales and market for both companies. Another area for diversification is the exercise clothing line. Collaboration with Weight Watchers or Jenny Craig will put us ahead of our biggest competitor. The need for properly fitted, comfortable exercise clothing is great enough for our company to corner this market. The collaboration will give the weight losing industry a chance to enter another market. Identify And Discuss The Foreign Market That The Company Should Enter And Discuss The Strategy It Should Use To Enter The Market. According to the demographic population statistics of 2011, pu blished by MINTEL (Mintel Group Ltd., 2011), England has the next highest population of plus size women. Almost 25% of the women wear size 18 and over. Nearly 40% of the female population in the UK wears size 16 and over. With these demographics, our company plans to enter the global market in those countries. They have seen an increase in the sale of plus size clothing but the numbers are still small, leaving the industry open for infiltration. Plus size attire only accounted for 17% of total women’s clothing sales in the European market in 2011. The strategy for entering the market will start with opening the online boutiques. As popularity increases we can look into established a brick and mortar location. The store will be a representation of our American locations but also blend with the local atmosphere. â€Å"Purchasing locally [is] a key strategy as it pleases the local authorities and meets the needs of the local consumers. European retailers are more likely to export retail formats that add value by catering to the needs and tastes of the local market, they are likely to enter foreign markets that are developing and are likely to scale up profitably, keeping pace with the economic development of the market place† (Bell, Lal, Salmon, 2004, p. 312). We will establish relationships with local designers and fabric retailers. The building of this relationship will help us gain trust and loyalty within the local economy. Discuss The Challenges That Company May Face In The Foreign Market, And How It Might Respond Strategically To Minimize The Impact Of These Challenges. Even though all the research shows the industry being ripe for new entries, the target market is a challenge. Plus size women don’t necessarily want to be plus size women. The ones who wear sizes under 18 will shop in regular stores if possible because once they start shopping in a specialty store they have to admit facts to themselves that they may not want to address. Plus size figures are not always bigger replicas of the average sized female. With being larger there sometimes are different shapes that have to be accounted for when buying clothing. The best way to combat that would be to align ourselves with the different coalitions that are forming in the European to help understand and beat obesity. We could donate time, supplies and some proceeds from special campaigns to their cause. Our company will avoid being seen as an enabler to obesity. â€Å"Obesity and overweight among children in Europe is also associated with the socio-economic status of their parents, especially their mothers. Furthermore, cross-country comparisons show the prevalence of childhood overweight is linked to a Member State’s degree of income inequality or relative poverty† (Robertson, Lobstein, Knai, 2007, p. 9). Since studies have shown that obesity is mostly a socioeconomic problem, we can take on a â€Å"Be Beautiful Being You† motto. We can work with local groups and organizations to bring awareness to the community. Helping to create positive self-image and awareness of affordable healthy choices will be a goal of our compa ny. Create A Scenario When It Would Not Make Sense For The Company To Diversify Or Expand Into A Foreign Market. Provide Support For Your Rationale. The clothing industry as a whole has been branching into China because of their expanding economy and large population. According to Business of Fashion, China has seen a 33% increase in the purchasing of luxury fashion goods (Harilela, 2012). Normally, this would make it a prime target for global expansion for our company. However, China is country where our company would not likely prosper. China has only seen an increase in waistlines in the past few decades. Even with the increase in size, the numbers are enough to validate entry into their economy. â€Å"The obese are roughly one out of 70 people in China, as opposed to one out of three in America† (Suarez, 2010) Even though those statistics are from 2010, they still warn against expansion into their market. Assess How The Company Will Create A Business Environment Conducive To Ethical Behavior. Ethical business practices will start in upper management and pass down to lower level employees. The company handbook will have a section on the importance of ethical policies and how to conduct business as such. Employee interactions will involve speaking truthfully, taking responsibility for one’s actions and learning to be upfront about opinions. Customer service ethical standards will include providing quality products at fair pricing, being honest about features of the clothing and the floor sales clerk will not be allowed to give judgment on customer apparel choices. Employees will be encouraged and required to report safety issues, theft, harassment issues or any other work related problem. Our company will be committed to conducting business in a way that meets the needs of our present market goals without compromising the company brand image. Works Cited Bell, D. E., Lal, R., Salmon, W. J. (2004). Globalization of Retailing. In J. A. Quelch, The Global Market: Developing a Strategy to Manage Across Borders (pp. 290-312). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Harilela, D. (2012, April 8). The Top 20 Movers, Shakers and Decision-Makers in China Fashion. Retrieved from The Business of Fashion: http://www.businessoffashion.com/2012/04/the-top-20-movers-shakers-and-decision-makers-in-china-fashion-2.html Klein, P. G., Lien, L. B. (2009). Diversification, Industry, Structure, and Firm Strategy: An Organizational Economics Perspective. Economic Institutions of Strategy Advance in Strategic Management, 299. Mintel Group Ltd. (2011). Fifth of Brits are Plus Size but clothing selection is thin on the ground. Mintel Group Ltd. Robertson, A., Lobstein, T., Knai, C. (2007). Obesity and socio-economic groups in Europe: Evidence. European Commission. Suarez, R. (2010, June 1). Reporters Notebook: Obesity on the Rise in China. Retrieved from PBS News Hour: http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2010/06/reporters-notebook-obesity-rising-in-china.html

Development Of Iago In Othello English Literature Essay

Development Of Iago In Othello English Literature Essay Iago is one of the most interesting and deeply developed characters in the tragedy Othello by William Shakespeare. Using carefully thought-out actions and words, Iago manipulates others to do things in a way that helps him and gets him to reach his aspirations. He is the driving force in this play, pushing Othello and every other character towards the tragic ending. Its first apparent that Iago is just your normal run of the mill villain but he is far more than that. Shakespeare has decided to make Iago amoral which adds a new depth to character and makes his actions even more villainous then they already were. Iago is a very smart character and this only aids him in his villainous ploy. Iago now starts revealing his plot to take down Othello. Being the intelligent character he is, Iago plays on Roderigos feelings for Desdemona and steals money from him. Thus do I ever make my fool my purse. For I mine own gained knowledge should profane if I would time expend with such a snipe but for my sport and profit. I hate the Moor, and it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets hes done my office. I know not if t be true, but I, for mere suspicion in that kind, will do as if for surety. He holds me wellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Iago sees it as wasted time and knowledge if he didnt play on Roderigo and get money from him or even use him against Othello. Iago simply sees Roderigo as just being desposable and easy to toy with; just a stepping stone down his path of greed. In this quote he also explains explains one of the major reasons why he wants the ultimate fall of Othello and how he will manipulate Othello into believing that Cassio has had an affair with Desdemona. Along with being intelligent Iago is also a quick thinker and is able to tackle just about any situation that you may throw at him. We first see this when Roderigo is livid once he finds out Iagos scheme but Iago is able to make it seem a better and calm Roderigo down. He took Roderigos anger and twisted it into a way to better along his plan. If Roderigo is blinded by anger then it wont be hard for Iago to make him believe anything. Iagos long term goal is to make Othello look bad and what better way to do that then to make him think his wife is cheating on him? He takes her by the palm. Ay, well said, whisper! With as little a web as this will I ensnare as great a fly as Cassio. Ay, smile upon her, do, I will gyve thee in thine own courtship. You say true, tis so, indeed. If such tricks as these strip you out of your lieutenantryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ By simply twisting around normal friendly actions he can make anything seem worse and that is just what he does with Cassio and Desdemonas relationship. Cassio and Desdemona are nothing more then simple friends but when Iago sees them interacting in a little more then a friendly way he thinks of a plan to make Othello believe that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. None of this would be possible if Iago didnt talk in such natural and vindictive speech. Iago talks in a lot of prose instead verse and that makes him a little easier to understand and get his point across. He also interacts as if he is genuinely trying to help Othello but in all reality he is only helping himself and praying that everyone else will fail. These interactions with other characters have led him to be known as Honest Iago even though he has already planted the seed of tragedy in Othellos mind. Iago is a master of abusing peoples trust to gain more power and further the completion of his goals, and he does this with Othello. He keeps the characters trusting him and believing that he is there for them and helping them until it all comes back on him. Iago is able to keep Cassios trust for as long as he needs it just by doing little favors like this; guaranteeing time with Desdemona. Ill send her to you presently, and Ill devise a mean to draw the Moor out of the way, that your converse and business may be more free. In order to keep their trust he must keep doing things throughout the play for them but keep his ending goal. What appears as a friendly gesture turns into a way to bring Cassio, Desdemona, and Othello down from their high graces. Iago sets up the situation then turns around and uses Cassios good looks, and flirtatious manner with women to play on what he already installed in Othellos mind about Desdemonas fidelity. In the end of the play he completely betrays Cassio and tells Roderigo to kill him. Neither of them are useful anymore to Iago so he sees no reason to keep them around any longer. I have rubbed this young quat almost to the sense, and he grows angry. Now, whether he kill Cassio or Cassio him, or each do kill the other, every way makes my gain. Live Roderigo, he calls me to a restitution large of gold and jewels that I bobbed from him as gifts to Desdemona. It must not be. If Cassio do remain he hath a daily beauty in his life that makes me uglyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Roderigo was nothing more then a vehicle in Iagos plot and now that he is done with Roderigo there is no need to keep him around and Cassio is the likely man to kill him. Iago has already made Cassio look bad in Othellos eyes and thats all he wanted to do but to Iago he doesnt care whether Roderigo kills Cassio or Cassio kills Roderigo because either way it is good for him. In the end of it Iago has to do it himself all while keeping up his perfect image. While Iago and Bianca are helping Cassio, Iago sends off Emilia to tell Othello but in turn Emilia reveals to Othello all about how evil and vindictive Iago is. Iago kills Emilia because she is nothing more than a nuisance and is the only person that can stop him from getting what he wants, but in the end it was Iago who really stopped himself. Iagos selfishness, scheming, lying and petty revenge are what lead to the death of everything Iago once knew; even himself.

Workaholics Essay -- essays research papers

INTRODUCTION Why did I choose to write about workaholics? The main reason is that the general picture about these people is bad, but there are a lot of them around us and very often we admire them. They are doing exactly what they love – work – and they can never have enough of it. Although they spend most of their time working, surprisingly they are happy. They show so good results in what they do. But the consequences are great. Family life is disrupted, intellectual horizons narrow and the consequences to the workaholic's health are severe: fat, lack of exercise and stress. Why do people become workaholics? When a person becomes workaholic is there a way back? How should people around him act in order to keep both him and themselves happy? Lets start explaining what workaholics are, how they act and then we'll get answers to this questions. WHAT AND WHO ARE WORKAHOLICS?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The definition of workaholism from a dictionary would be someone who has a compulsion to work all time and a workaholic is someone who loves to work or who is addicted to work. How can this people work throughout the whole day and be happy and never tired knowing that they sleep only for 4-5 hours a day. Perhaps the main reason for this is that people evaluate themselves more on measurable things such as personal achievements and financial worth – not emotional wellness. People often tend to feel guilty if they are not constantly being productive, as they tend to consider relaxation a waste of precious time. They need work to feel good. Workaholics are people who put the work on first place. Usually they need to prove themselves to the their colleagues or their bosses so they would praise them. Sometimes workaholism occurs because the person works to avoid the pain. Workaholism is addiction and all addictions are in a way avoidance of pain. They work just t o cover the pain and not deal with it. Some of the workaholics became what they are because of greed. They can never have enough so they want to work as much as possible. Sometimes the hard workers are being referred as workaholics. While hard workers are ready to work some extra time to finish a project or to meet a deadline, the workaholic uses all his extra time to work. Workaholics don’t have hobbies except if they are related to the job such as golf games with business partners. Everybody thinks tha... ...usiness phone calls the workaholic will make [none can not be at the beginning, but after certain period of time if the whole procedure goes over and over again that can be established]. HOW CAN WORKAHOLIC TURN BACK TO NORMAL? All the methods offered for overwhelming workaholism are either group therapy or self-improvement courses. Both are based on describing what workaholism is, and how dangerous it can be for the entities. Also differentiating the hard working from workaholism. The two courses also tend to make the workaholics reasonable answers to questions like: How much is really enough for me? How long do I usually rest and is this enough? Is what I’m exchanging my life worth it? What summer vacations are for? And maybe the most important: What am I trying to prove and to whom I want to prove myself? Making the workaholic aware of what he has become and what is he actually doing is the first step to turn the person away from his addictiveness and make him get back to track and work normally. Reference: â€Å"Workaholics† – Marilyn Machlowitz *** â€Å"Journal of Applied Psychology† Nr.60 *** â€Å"The truth about burnouts† – Christina Maslach, Michael P. Leiter

Chicc Boy Research Paper

CHIC-BOY Vision To become the premiere franchisee of Chic-boy by the year 2020. Mission To be the best Chic-boy franchisee in the Philippines by providing the most appetizing Filipino food at very competitive prices. Will consistently maintain the highest standards in food preparation and service. Not only profit-oriented but is service-oriented as well. Surplus food that are not served will be donated to our less fortunate brothers and sisters at the end of the day.Goals and Objectives 1st Objective: conduct a soft-opening of the franchise by December 2011 and to be fully operational by the start of year 2012 Our specific objectives are the following: To conduct daily inspections on the floor and restaurant equipment Strictly implement the specifications set by Chic-boy and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To hire prospective employees with the ample amount of experience every 6 months. To review employee skills and knowledge of Chic-boy operating procedures every 2 months.To strictly comply with the requirements set by Chic-boy through punctual payment of royalty fees and other related payables. To achieve an ROI in a span of two years. To establish a minimum of 5 branches by 2020. Chicken at Baboy Brief history of the business A group of BM studens from DLSU-M saw a great potential in franchising and they were encouraged by their professor to pursue the venture. A few of them started to notice Chic-boy in a commercial center in Alabang. It was a relatively new establishment, yet a lot of customers were entering it.This made the group curious and after some research, they have finally decided to get a franchise of Chic-boy. They thought that it was a good opportunity for them, because they can put the franchise in more desirable locations in Metro Manila. Definition of the Market Fast Food Restaurant (aka Quick Service Restaurant) – limited menu establishment which lends itself to production line techniques of producing food that is served packa ged for immediate consumption, on or off the restaurant premises. (Franchise Direct. com, n. d. , para. 3).Fast Food Industry – can be assessed as overly saturated because of the countless establishments competing for dominance Established brands make it hard for prospective entrepreneurs to enter the industry with a new product or service Chic-boy provides a new concept which may tap the unexplored portion of the fast food industry as it still holds some potential growth and success for newcomers. Its concept integrates the best qualities of the leading fast food chains today The franchise will target the B, C, and D market of the Philippine population.Students and employees with a strict budget for food but still crave for rich-tasting Filipino food that will fill their bellies to the rim will find what they are looking for in Chic-boy. A budget of around PhP 50 to PhP 100 will surely satisfy one's hunger Currently, Chic-boy has no significant share in the fast food market but it is slowly gaining foothold with 4 take-out stores and 10 dine-in stores, 9 of which are franchises. 10 more are under construction all over Metro Manila, and 4 of these will be serving 24/7.Description of Products ; Services Product: Chic-boy Started on 2008 and became franchisable November the year after, Chic-boy is relatively new in the market. Registered under the Philippine Franchise Association (PFA) which certifies that it is legal and all its documents are complete. Chic-boy's concept is integrating into one fast food restaurant the best qualities of the leading fast food chains today such as the best-selling chicken inasal, lechon manok and liempo together with the ever popular unlimited rice. It highlights the most popular Filipino dishes that is best suitable for a fast food setting.Cebu Lechon Manok Cebu Lechon Liempo Chibog Busog Meals Chiquito Meals Magandang Umaga Meals Sizzling Specials Soup Merienda Side Orders Extras Desserts Drinks Chic-Boy Menu Organizatio n and Management Company Structure Organizational chart of Partnership and the Chic-boy franchise †¢Partnership consists of 5 partners †¢Two general partners – oversees the overall operations of the franchise †¢Three limited partners – are consulted by general partners from time to time †¢Partners receive equal share of earnings †¢As an incentive, general partners receive salaries for their time, effort and resource spent in the operations Company Structure †¢Business Permit †¢Mayor’s permit †¢BIR permit †¢SEC registration Form (for partnership) †¢Insurance †¢Barangay Permit †¢DOLE permit †¢DOH-BFAD Accreditation Special Licenses and Permits Brief Bio of Key Managers Shekinah Bonite †¢A current student of De La Salle University-Manila under the Business Management program †¢Born September 21, 1991 †¢Eldest among four siblings Noel Aguilar †¢A current student of De La Salle Unive rsity-Manila under the Business Management program †¢Born November 14, 1989 †¢Youngest among four siblings Marketing and Sales B,C,D market Young and old Filipino food one to 3 years of operations -> exponential Growth after the third year -> Gradual increase this is due to the ecline in demand of the customers Growth and Projection Channels of Distribution Main supplier: Franchisor Provides all raw materials Start up cost: 3,500,000 to 5,000,000 Inclusive of the ff: trade name and propriety marks chic boy business model site assessment, design and construction assistance management manual training programs Procurement program IT support Marketing and Pre and Grand and Post opening assistance Term of the franchise: 7 years Franchise fee: 500,000 Renewal of the contract: 50% of the prevailing franchise fee Royalty fee: 5% of gross sales Marketing and advertising fee: 2% of the gross sales ROI: 2 to 2. 5 years Aguilar. Araneta. Bonite. Piad. Vergara THANK YOU! New business m odel developed by Pier One Bar and Grill Holdings Corp. Combination of the Lechon Manok and Liempo from Cebu and the Chicken Inasal from Bacolod. Opened its first branch in Marikina on September 2008. Currently has: Four branches of Chic-Boy take-out stores. company-owned, 1 franchised. Ten dine-in branches. 1 company-owned, 9 franchised. Business Description and Vision About Chic-Boyâ„ ¢ Marketing and Sales Price Prices are very affordable. Because the target market is the B, C and D the prices that are set will fit in their budget. The class A market can also afford it if they wish to try it out. Prices range from P49 to P99 for individual meals. P100 to P200 for Lechon Manok and Liempo. Product Offers a variety of Filipino cuisine, with a different kind of flare. Can quickly be served. Menu is diverse, customers can choose from a wide range of dishes. Quality and value for the customer’s money.Place Most of the franchises are located in other places of NCR, such as Las Pinas and Mandaluyong. There is only one Chic-boy branch in Paranaque as of now. Owners strategically chose Sucat as the location where they will put their establishment because of the foot traffic. Promotion Reliant on word of mouth for advertising since Chic-boy is new to the market. Franchisor may opt to launch print, TV, and radio advertisements soon, none as of now. Soruce:Chic-Boy Chicken at Baboy. (2010). About Chic-Boy. Retrieved February 22, 2010 from http://www. chic-boy. com. ph/about. html Soruce:Chic-Boy Chicken at Baboy. (2010). Chic-Boy Menu. Retrieved February 22, 2010 fromhttp://www. chic-boy. com. ph/about. html Financial Management

How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation

How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation How to Ask for an Awesome Letter of Recommendation A letter of recommendation is exactly what it sounds like: a letter from someone you know, vouching for your qualities as a student/employee. Most colleges require a letter (or letters) of recommendation as part of their admission process. Likewise, employers and scholarship boards value letters of recommendation highly. Even future presidents need a letter of recommendation when starting out. Many students assume that every letter of recommendation is the same, but the quality of your letter can make a big difference. As such, it’s worth putting thought into whom you ask and how you go about this. Whom to Ask? Someone Who Knows You While a recommendation from a famous name in academia might look good at first, it will seem hollow unless it comes from someone who actually knows you and your work. It’s therefore vital that the person you ask is someone with whom you have worked, like a teacher whose class you’ve taken or a research supervisor. Someone Who Likes You This might sound obvious, but it’s always better if you’re on good terms with the person you ask for a recommendation! Try to establish a good relationship with teachers/professors early on, especially if you know you’ll need a letter of recommendation from them in the future. Subject-Specific Teachers Many colleges ask for a recommendation from your subject teachers, as these will have the best idea of your capabilities in specific fields. How to Ask? Leave Plenty of Time If you want a good recommendation, make sure to ask well before your application deadline. This is important, since college professors are often asked to write letters of recommendation by dozens of students, so they won’t have as much time to give yours consideration if you leave it to the last minute. You should, therefore, always ask at least a month before the deadline (longer if possible) so your referee can compose a thoughtful letter of recommendation. Be Organized! As well as time, your referee will need certain information to write your letter of recommendation. This will typically include your resume, details about your application(s) and relevant contact information. Be Polite! We hope this goes without saying, but asking politely is a good idea if you’re hoping your referee will write a strong, supportive letter of recommendation in return. Likewise, once your referee has supplied a recommendation, a thank you note rarely goes  amiss. And remember, if you’re not polite to your referee, your recommendation letter might not turn out quite how you wanted.

Entertainment in the Guilded Age essays

Entertainment in the Guilded Age essays The Theater- the antebellum theaters were large and crowded by all classes. With seats as cheap as 12 cents and rarely more than 50 cents, the typical theater audience included lawyers and merchants, and their wives, artisans and clerks, sailors and noisy boys, and a sizeable body of prostitutes. The prostitutes usually sat in the top balcony seats, called the third tier, ...that dark, horrible, guilty place... The prostitutes in attendance were not the only factor that made the antebellum theater vaguely disreputable. Theatrical audiences were notoriously rowdy. Edwin Forrest and the popular British actor William Macreadys feud ended with a riot at New York Citys Astor Place that left twenty people dead. The Astor Place riot demonstrated the broad popularity of the antebellum theater. The plays themselves were as diverse as the audiences. Most often performed were melodramas, whose plots resembled those of sentimental novels. Vise was punished, virtue rewarded, and the heroine final ly married the hero. The producers of the plays arranged for short performances or demonstrations between the acts of the most famous play write, William Shakespeare. During such an interlude, the audience would have observed perhaps a brief impersonation of Tecumseh or Aaron Burr, jugglers and acrobats, and drummer beating 12 drums at once, or a three-year old weighing a hundred pounds. The Minstrel Shows- Minstrel shows arose in northern cities in the 1840s, as blackfaced white men took to the stage to present an evening of songs, dances, and humorous sketches. Minstrelsy borrowed some authentic elements of African-American culture, especially dances characterized by the sliding, shuffling step of southern blacks, but most of the songs had origins in white culture. P. T. Barnum- after moving to New York City in 18, Barnum started a new career as an entrepreneur of popular entertainment His first venture exhibited a black woma ...

Alternatives to Affirmative Action

Alternatives to Affirmative Action Free Online Research Papers Affirmative Action is one of the most controversial policies ever enacted by the United States government. Under Affirmative Action, women, African Americans, and other minorities are given preferential treatment when they apply for jobs and/or admission to college. In some cases, this has meant that qualified applicants who are white males have been passed over in favor of less qualified minority or female applicants. Those who support Affirmative Action claim that the policy is necessary to overcome centuries of previous discrimination and other disadvantages that minorities and women have faced. Those who oppose the policy point out that that Affirmative Action is just another form of discrimination, except in this case it is discrimination that is deliberately directed against white males. Opponents of Affirmative Action also claim that the policy lowers academic standards and takes away from the accomplishments of truly qualified women and minorities. Affirmative Action programs have significantly improved diversity on America’s college campuses. However, there have been many legal and legislative challenges to preferential treatment based on race (U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 2002, Executive Summary). Various alternatives to the quotas and preferential treatment of minorities under Affirmative Action have been proposed, including the alternative of ending Affirmative Action altogether. An acceptable alternative would need to provide opportunities for minority students without discriminating against white males. Californias approach to admissions Schools in California are prohibited by state law from using race, religion, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin as criteria for college admission (U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, 2002, Chapter Two Percentage Plans). California has tried several different admission policies for its University system. Under one plan, no less than 50 percent to 75 percent of students would be admitted based solely on their academic achievements. This plan was phased out and replaced with a plan that provided automatic admission for students who graduated in the top 4 percent of their high school class. This plan was replaced in November 2001 with a plan in which students were considered not just for grades and test scores, but also for evidence of such qualities as motivation, leadership, intellectual curiosity, and initiative (U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Chapter Two Percentage Plans). Each of these plans shows promise. Percentage plans provide some guarantee that non-minority students will not be discriminated against on the basis of their race. At the same time, these plans also provide a way for minority students who might not otherwise qualify for admission to be considered. The 4 percent plan rewards the best students for their accomplishments without penalizing other students. Although the percentage plans are not perfect, they are more fair than systems that place more emphasis on race than they do on academic achievement. Texas Top Ten Texas guarantees college admission to the top ten percent of students from every graduating class (Watson Levin, 2004). Like the California plan, the Texas Top Ten plan guarantees that no highly qualified students will be passed over on the basis of race. The plan does not, however, guarantee that lower achieving students will have equal access. Unfortunately, the Texas plan has resulted in some problems. The plan makes no distinction between students from higher achieving schools and students from schools that are less rigorous. Some top ten students are arriving at college to find that they are not prepared. Universal Admissions Another possible alternative to Affirmative Action would be to allow all students who want to attend college to do so. Under the current system, a college education is a privilege, not a right. A universal admission policy would change that and would provide all students with the right to a college education, just as all children in the United States are now entitled to a free education in grades Kindergarten through High School. One of the arguments made for Affirmative Action is that minority students can succeed when they are given the chance. Lower admission standards for minorities are designed to compensate for any lack of educational opportunities these students may have had while they were growing up. The theory is that once these students are provided with the same opportunity, they will be able to catch up. A universal admission policy would eliminate all academic and other criteria for college admissions and allow all students, regardless of their past academic performance, to attend college. Under a universal admission policy, the only criteria that would be applied would be whether the student could afford to pay for classes. This may seem unfair to some. However, students who could not afford tuition could qualify for scholarships, grants, and loans just as they do now. One potential problem with a universal admission plan is the lack of space at colleges. If everyone is allowed to attend for at least one year, then it is possible that there would not be enough teachers and other resources to go around. However, this problem could be solved through the use of Community Colleges, distance learning, and other alternatives. Universal admission is the only truly fair way to provide equal opportunity to all students. It eliminates the bias of Affirmative Action and allows students who may have performed poorly in high school to have at least a chance to prove that they can succeed in college. References U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (2002). Chapter Two-Percentage Plans Beyond Percentage Plans: The Challenge of Equal Opportunity in Higher Education. Retrieved on October 12, 2004, from usccr.gov/pubs/percent2/ch2.htm U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (2002). Executive Summary. Beyond Percentage Plans: The Challenge of Equal Opportunity in Higher Education. Retrieved on October 12, 2004, from usccr.gov/pubs/percent2/summ.htm Watson, B. and Levin, M. (2004) The Texas Top Ten Percent Rule: Bad Policy, Good Politics. Austin Review. July 9, 2004. Retrieved on October 12, 2004, from texastop10.princeton.edu/publicity/AustinReview070904.pdf Research Papers on Alternatives to Affirmative ActionStandardized Testing19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyOpen Architechture a white paperWhere Wild and West Meet

Nursing shortage and its effects on the provision of health care Term Paper

Nursing shortage and its effects on the provision of health care - Term Paper Example Despite renewed efforts at reform in most European countries, the number of uninsured people continues to grow, the cost of healthcare continues to soar, and the safety and quality of care are queried. The great challenges of the healthcare system need significant attention on the part of health experts, policy makers and the society. One problem that has continued to dog the health care sector over the last five years has been the perennial shortage of registered nurses as well as other health care professionals as a demonstration of the fragility and faults in the health care system. For health care delivery to be efficient, reasonable, and inexpensive, there must be an ample stream of knowledgeable, well spread and employed certified nurses. While the general quality of care seems to have responded progressively to the rising emphasis on evidence-based practice and performing procedures, major inequalities in quality stubbornly persist. The health care system and the nursing profe ssion are once more witnessing a shortage in nurses that is augmented by shortcomings of the system and the ever-rising need for health care, as the baby boomers grow old. The intricate environment of challenges of the health care system requires major attention on the part of health care professionals, policy makers and to a smaller extent the public.In all the health care literature available today, the widely accepted elements of health care reform are the ability to get health care, its quality, cost, and the workforce.

Rounding with decimals to the nearest tenth Essay

Rounding with decimals to the nearest tenth - Essay Example This information should suffice for most students who have a solid grounding in the prerequisites. However, weaker students would require not only a good revision of the place value system, rounding whole numbers, recognizing decimal numbers etc. beforehand but could also be aided by a visual representation for rounding numbers, and if necessary a flowchart of the procedure given above (to prevent procedural errors). For the former, the number line is ideal. An example is given below. The similarity with rounding whole numbers should be stressed. They are not really learning anything new. All they need to be careful with now is the decimal point. Thinking along these lines should be reinforced in demonstrating the rounding procedure using the number line (3 examples are given): Five situations are the most likely occasions of problems for students learning to grasp the concept of rounding to the nearest tenth digit. This is given in order of increasing difficulty based on my own experience of teaching children. 1. What to do when the digit in the hundredths place is 0 (zero). Zero does confuse many students. In this case the student should be reminded that (due to its position in this particular case) it holds no value and it is similar to the situation when the digit in this place is either 1, 2, 3 or 4 i.e. we simply truncate the number at the tenths position e.g. 1.60 would become 1.6 similar to 1.63 also becoming 1.6. 2. What to do when the digit in the hundredths place is 5 (five) – perceived as a ‘halfway’ or ‘middle’ point. In this case, the teacher needs to remind the rule that we round up when this digit is a 5 and it is similar to the situation when the digit in this place is either 6, 7, 8 or 9 i.e. we simply increase the number in the tenths position by 1 and leave out the 5 (the hundredth digit) e.g. 1.65 would become 1.7 similar to 1.67

How the Fico or credit score impacts on consumers Research Paper

How the Fico or credit score impacts on consumers - Research Paper Example A lot of consumers don't appreciate the importance of personal credit scores and how it impacts on their daily lives. Some don’t know that credit scores are available and accessible online. A credit score can have a say on what a consumer is or is not able to do. For instance, it can determine what one pays for leasing or auto financing, credit card rates, car insurance and mortgages. It can affect things we may take for granted like whether one gets a job or rent an apartment. When applying for credit, the lenders want to know your credit risk level Buyers or consumers with poor credit (high credit risk level) are turned away by the lending institutions. The current tightening up of the loan and mortgage market makes the situation worse. Customers with less than a 700 credit score are being turned away by car dealers. It is now more important than ever to have a good credit score. Keywords: Credit score, FICOÂ ®, consumers, lenders. What is a Credit Score? A credit score is a number that summarizes your credit risk, based on your credit report at a particular point in time (FICO Booklet). Credit reports and credit risk levels can be evaluated using your credit scores by the lenders. Since it’s just a single number, the lenders don’t have to read through the whole credit history report. It is an indicator of how likely you are to pay your bills. Consumers should be aware that lenders use other information to determine one’s creditworthiness along with the credit scores.... A high score is preferred by the lenders. For instance a score of 720 will get you favorable interests on a mortgage, according to Fair Isaac Corporation. The following table shows how credit scores break out for the American public. Credit Score Percentage 499 and below 2 percent 500 – 549 5 percent 550 – 599 8 percent 600 – 649 12 percent 650 – 699 15 percent 700 – 749 18 percent 750 – 799 27 percent 800 and above 13 percent Components of the FICO Score A credit report contains different types of credit data. It is this data that is used to compute the FICO Scores. Data is grouped into five categories as illustrated below. The percentage represents the importance of each category in computation of your FICO Score. Source: Fair Isaac Corporation Website Items considered in the payment history are account payment information (credit cards, mortgage and retail accounts), Public records (legal suits, bankruptcy, liens and judgments) and delinqu ency, Severity of delinquency, recency of delinquency and adverse public records, past due items on file and accounts paid on time. Amounts owed is checked for the amounts owing on the specific types of accounts, number of accounts with balances, proportion of credit lines used and proportion of installment loan amounts still owing The line of credit history is concerned with the time duration since the accounts were opened and other account activities that have taken place. New credit category is used to check recently opened accounts, recent credit inquiries, last duration of credit inquiry and positive credit history re-establishment following repayment problems Lastly, types of credit used category looks at the recent information on the various types of accounts, be they

Why juveniles run away, and what should be done with them when they Research Paper

Why juveniles run away, and what should be done with them when they are cought - Research Paper Example The issue of children running away from their homes has become popular in recent time due to their ever-increasing numbers. It is estimated that about one and a half million juveniles go missing from their homes, of which, only less than 20% returns into their homes (Zhang, Antonio, David & Victor, 2007). They also assert that about 12% of the youths in the united states run away from their homes at least once before they become adults due to various reasons that shall be discussed below. According to Chapple, Johnson & Whitbeck (2004), youths who have problems that are related to academic achievement, police contact, peer involvement shows high levels of juvenile run away. Most of the homes whereby juveniles run away are associated with limited supervision, limited help in schoolwork, limited opportunity to discuss personal problems and lack of emotional support in times of difficulties. Whenever there is limited support from family members, juveniles experience increased depression that leads to negative life that results to run away in search for a better environment to accommodate them. In some cases, families with high rates of runaway children are those whereby the parents are drug and alcohol addicts therefore they have less time to cater for the needs of their children (Sanna., Kimberly & Gregory, 2005). A high percentage of these families are those that give the children less social and economic support as they face the difficulties of growing up into adulth ood. Some parents and guardians are known to abuse their children excessively, leading to lots of discomfort and subsequently runway in search of freedom in the streets or elsewhere (Elizabeth, Andrienne, Gerald, Kathryn, Andrew, Jonathan & Cheryl, 2010). Continuous use of illegal drugs is also associated with the reason why the juveniles run away from their homes. Drug and alcohol abuse is strongly linked as one of the reasons why juveniles

People and Organizations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

People and Organizations - Assignment Example With the policy working, the team was able to meet its deadlines as well as present high quality job. The level of effectiveness has been favored by the continued attendance of meetings by the team members. Every member has been assigned duties that make him or her available for every meeting. This creates a sense of belonging, which creates a strong bond between members of a group (McMillan & Chavis 1989). The result has been we have become friends to each other hence creating a friendly and conducive environment for us to work in. In our group, we worked to enhance motivation that made the team members place group interest ahead of personal interest. So far, we have been able to have four meetings and the attendance and level of participation have been consistent from the team members. Every member’s participation has been recognized by the continued support from the team members on given group work assignments. The previous assignment had six questions. We divided the quest ions amongst ourselves in the sub groups where we worked in pairs on every part of the question. Each meeting had a specified task were everybody turned up prepared and ready to work on the day’s part. John and I were working on a set of three questions. To enhance effectiveness and timely delivery of the assignment, exchanging of ideas, and evaluating responses against questions is very essential (Bloom & Loftin 1998). Upon confirming that we had answered all the three questions as per the instructions, we went ahead and asked for suggestions from the other group members while we also helped them evaluate their answers. The results were a well-done assignment where all aspect of the questions had been addresses effectively. Team support to specific individuals is a key success indicator of every team (Brounstein 2011). At the time of presentation, we worked as teams in supporting each other do a thorough presentation. I remember I was very tense when doing my PowerPoint pres entation that I needed some back up. Grace came in to provide the needed support when laying up the stage for presentation as well as doing a conclusion for the presentation. The same happened when Bill was doing his presentation. John assisted him in doing the introduction and the first part of the questions presentation. This happened until all the questions had been presented and all upcoming questions had been answered effectively to the satisfaction of the audience. Low opportunity, low morale and high team turnover and wasted time are key ingredients to ineffectiveness (Parker 2011). To avoid such problems, our team applied some important factors for team effectiveness that contributed to our team working successfully. Just to mention a few are cohesiveness and coordination, team training and team building activities. Cohesiveness and coordination defines the level of interaction of the team members to each other (Salas 1992). Our team had the greatest level of interaction, wh ich was highly favored by the friendship that existed between us. Working with each other was much fun that one could not miss a meeting to engage in personal issues. For example, I had to fore go a family shopping day to attend a group discussion meeting. This was possible because the team’s interest came first and I felt it was more important, due to its urgency

Urban Water Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Urban Water Cycle - Essay Example Most urban centers receive their supply of water from a definite water entity such as a river, lake or a dam. The land area that surrounds the water source is its catchment. The level of cleanliness of a catchment area determines the water quality of the dam or river. A town that uses a dam or several dams as water reservoirs will receive water from rivers. In this regard, the state of the river will determine the water quality that enters the dam. The dam is the storage point for the water from rivers. It is normally built adjacent to a river to block a section of the flowing water and store it. It is from the dam that the urban population receive reliable water supply for their use. Although the water in the dam might look clear, it is not fit for human consumption yet. This is because it contains pollen, soil particles and dust. These particles contain viruses, bacteria together with several other microorganisms that can be harmful to human health. To remove these microorganisms, the water from the dam is first processed in a water treatment plant prior to its use. The water goes through some specific stages and steps at the treatment plant. Such stages include pre treatment, flocculation, filtration and chemical dosing. At the pre treatment level, a polymer called coagulant and alum is added to the water. The substances help to capture the solid particles that provide host to bacteria and viruses. The water free of the particles remains less turbid and clean. At the flocculation level, there is the removal of solid particle from the water. Mixing and circulation occurs for the solid particles captured in the pre treatment step to float on top in the form of froth. At the filtration level, the water is pumped through filters to get rid of the remaining particles. Finally, there is the addition of chlorine to get rid of the remaining microorganisms or germs, if any at the chemical dosing stage. This stage also involves the addition of fluorine for teeth prote ction and the adjustment of the pH level of the water.     After the above stages of treatment, the bulk main pipes supply carries the treated water to reservoirs allowing its distribution into smaller pipes into households. The reservoirs help the water stored to adjust with the changing demands. It also assists in the management of the pressure from users so that it flows to taps at expected speeds. Reservoirs can be either above or below the ground. The reservoirs supply water into homes through the service lines than branch from the mains pipe. After use at home, the water goes down the drain from where it enters the network of wastewater. The wastewater then flows into the sewerage system.

Why juveniles run away, and what should be done with them when they Research Paper

Why juveniles run away, and what should be done with them when they are cought - Research Paper Example The issue of children running away from their homes has become popular in recent time due to their ever-increasing numbers. It is estimated that about one and a half million juveniles go missing from their homes, of which, only less than 20% returns into their homes (Zhang, Antonio, David & Victor, 2007). They also assert that about 12% of the youths in the united states run away from their homes at least once before they become adults due to various reasons that shall be discussed below. According to Chapple, Johnson & Whitbeck (2004), youths who have problems that are related to academic achievement, police contact, peer involvement shows high levels of juvenile run away. Most of the homes whereby juveniles run away are associated with limited supervision, limited help in schoolwork, limited opportunity to discuss personal problems and lack of emotional support in times of difficulties. Whenever there is limited support from family members, juveniles experience increased depression that leads to negative life that results to run away in search for a better environment to accommodate them. In some cases, families with high rates of runaway children are those whereby the parents are drug and alcohol addicts therefore they have less time to cater for the needs of their children (Sanna., Kimberly & Gregory, 2005). A high percentage of these families are those that give the children less social and economic support as they face the difficulties of growing up into adulth ood. Some parents and guardians are known to abuse their children excessively, leading to lots of discomfort and subsequently runway in search of freedom in the streets or elsewhere (Elizabeth, Andrienne, Gerald, Kathryn, Andrew, Jonathan & Cheryl, 2010). Continuous use of illegal drugs is also associated with the reason why the juveniles run away from their homes. Drug and alcohol abuse is strongly linked as one of the reasons why juveniles

Urban Water Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Urban Water Cycle - Essay Example Most urban centers receive their supply of water from a definite water entity such as a river, lake or a dam. The land area that surrounds the water source is its catchment. The level of cleanliness of a catchment area determines the water quality of the dam or river. A town that uses a dam or several dams as water reservoirs will receive water from rivers. In this regard, the state of the river will determine the water quality that enters the dam. The dam is the storage point for the water from rivers. It is normally built adjacent to a river to block a section of the flowing water and store it. It is from the dam that the urban population receive reliable water supply for their use. Although the water in the dam might look clear, it is not fit for human consumption yet. This is because it contains pollen, soil particles and dust. These particles contain viruses, bacteria together with several other microorganisms that can be harmful to human health. To remove these microorganisms, the water from the dam is first processed in a water treatment plant prior to its use. The water goes through some specific stages and steps at the treatment plant. Such stages include pre treatment, flocculation, filtration and chemical dosing. At the pre treatment level, a polymer called coagulant and alum is added to the water. The substances help to capture the solid particles that provide host to bacteria and viruses. The water free of the particles remains less turbid and clean. At the flocculation level, there is the removal of solid particle from the water. Mixing and circulation occurs for the solid particles captured in the pre treatment step to float on top in the form of froth. At the filtration level, the water is pumped through filters to get rid of the remaining particles. Finally, there is the addition of chlorine to get rid of the remaining microorganisms or germs, if any at the chemical dosing stage. This stage also involves the addition of fluorine for teeth prote ction and the adjustment of the pH level of the water.     After the above stages of treatment, the bulk main pipes supply carries the treated water to reservoirs allowing its distribution into smaller pipes into households. The reservoirs help the water stored to adjust with the changing demands. It also assists in the management of the pressure from users so that it flows to taps at expected speeds. Reservoirs can be either above or below the ground. The reservoirs supply water into homes through the service lines than branch from the mains pipe. After use at home, the water goes down the drain from where it enters the network of wastewater. The wastewater then flows into the sewerage system.

The Story of Us Essay Example for Free

The Story of Us Essay The film â€Å"The Story of Us† that we have watched last week gave me the full of insights and learned how difficult a marriage could be. This movie was about the story of a couple married for about fifteen years and from their perfect marriage, it almost ends up to divorce. They have two children that through them they still pretend as good parents even if their relationship is not working anymore. They decided to send their children to a summer camp so they can start their trial separation before telling it to their kids. In the end, because they still love each other and also for the best of their children, they had chosen to be strong and set aside all the detestation and hatred from them. People may engage into marriage thru various reasons. The majority of it is usually because of legal and social aspects. But the reality is that a person is not only associated to emotional or a feeling to someone but also it is the spiritual and religious aspects that lead to marriage. For me, a person who entered into a relationship with someone should be committed to the person he loved so the partnership between them will be strong and the marriage will be eternal. Marriage for me is not just a formal contract or agreement of two persons who love each other which is usually followed by a wedding ceremony. It is really important for me because it does not only show how relationship works but it is instituted and destined by God for the permanent relationship between a man and a woman. My point of view towards relationship to a good marriage is that it should not be developed according to our anticipation. With the conformity of a husband and wife that are married, they should not be separated and will stand for every hardship that they will encounter. As shown in the movie, like what almost happened to Ben and Katie Jordan in the film was because of misunderstandings and the exchange of throbbing with each other. There are lots of couples nowadays that encountered similar problems like this. They also run into a situation that a couple cannot stand each other anymore which mostly ends up to divorce. Some of the couples may reconcile and choose to stay what is ordained while thers may lead to worst thing like separation or divorce. This film had given me lot of insights on the views of marriage. I can say that this movie made me realized that in order for a marriage to work well it is important that couples should learn how to reconcile and accept the love of their partners despite of their dissimilarities. People choose to marry the person they like not just because of feelings, affection or likeness to their spouse but because they fated their love to God and willingness to accept all the differences of their partner. I have learned that not all marriage will lead to lifelong relationship unless they truly love and vowed to each other. I also recognized that not all relationships are perfect thus we should continue ourselves to be loyal, devoted and still faithful to love ones. This film also taught me on what we should do or the best thing to perform if a situation happened in the marriage life like this. Also, we should learn how to accompany with others and to forgive and forget the mistakes of a person you love which will direct into a good marriage life.

Mahashian di hatti limited | Analysis

Mahashian di hatti limited | Analysis INTRODUCTION Mahashian Di Hatti Limited is an INDIAN manufacturer, distributor and exporter of ground spices and spice mixtures under the brand name MDH. It specializes in several unique traditional blends of spices suitable for different recipes (Chana Masala for chickpeas, for example). The company was founded in 1919 by Mahashay Chuni Lal as a small shop in Sialkot. It has since grown in popularity all over India, and exports its products to several countries. It is associated with Mahashay Chuni Lal Charitable Trust HISTORY Mahashay Chuni Lal started the enterprise in Sialkot (now in Pakistan) on April 13, 1919. In a few years, the spices became very famous and they came to be known as Deggi Mirch Wale (the Pot Chilli People), after the name of one of their famous spice mixtures. After the partition of India, Mahashay Dharam Pal, the son of the founder, shifted to Delhi and opened up his shop at Ajmal Khan Road, Karol Bagh under the banner Mahashian Di Hatti of Sialkot (Deggi Mirch wale). The name Mahashian Di Hatti means the Shop of the Magnanimous in Punjabi GROWTH The company initially relied on hand-ground spices, but has since shifted to automated machines, with a capacity of producing 30 tonnes of packaged spices in a day. There are large fully automatic manufacturing plants at Delhi, Gurgaon (Haryana), Nagpur (Rajasthan), Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) and Amritsar (Punjab). It has now a network of over 1000 wholesalers and over 4 lakh retail dealers in India. It was ranked 490th among the unlisted Indian companies in 2000-01. MDH pioneered the marketing of powdered spice mixtures in handy attractive packages. It has been co-opted as member of several committees of the Bureau of Indian Standards. In the last few years, the Exports Division of the company has started exporting the spices to several countries including UK, other European countries, Canada, United States, Japan and Switzerland FAMOUS PRODUCTS The MDH brand name is very well known throughout India. The products sold under the brand name include single spices (such as chili, coriander and turmeric) as well as blended spice mixtures. There are over 45 products available in over 100 different packages. The more famous ones are Chana Masala (for chickpeas), Sambar Masala (for Sambar), Kitchen King (for vegetables), Chunky Chaat Masala (for chaat), Garam Masala (hot spice, multi-purpose) and Chicken Masala. In addition to spices, it also manufactures incense sticks, Ayurvedic tooth powder and havan samagri, a mixture for Hindu ritual sacrifices. PRODUCTS We offer a wide and comprehensive range of products, which include: Wheat Flour SPECIES INCENSE STICKS AYURVEDIC INFRASTRUCTURE We are empowered with a state-of-the-art infrastructure, requisite technology, efficient transport facilities and superb working environment. We possess a spacious warehouse which can store large quantities of products. We are backed by a well-qualified and technical team of astute technocrats, business oriented professionals and diligent workers, who are highly experienced and have a thorough knowledge in the relevant field. The team is capable of sourcing large volumes of products to satisfy the customer demands and specifications. We possess one of Asias largest Wheat Flour Manufacturing Plant which is installed in our in-house production unit. We have the capacity to produce 3000 mt. Wheat Flour as per the European Standards on daily basis. Our wide network of distributors and suppliers are scattered all over the globe ensuring the customers of safe, smooth and punctual delivery of products. BUSINESS MISSION We will strive as a corporation,to gain trust from customers and continue to grow in strength. Make an effort on a daily basis to keep every customer satisfied,by offering every area of business, competitive products and services of superior quality thereby contributing to society. Having mutually satisfying interactions with customers through products Not being content with the present reality, continually striving for betterment and improvement, and accepting the challenge t Creating an environment in which each individual can apply their greatest strengths, an environment in which results will be evaluated correctly, and in these contexts, using our collective strengths to the fullest. Continuing to act in righteous ways, as good members of society MARKETING OBJECTIVE Strengthening brand name competitiveness With consumer requirements of tasty, safe and convenient as a basis, detailed analytical assessment of changing consumer demand is becoming vitally important in the food industry. Hereafter, in addition to guaranteeing quality and taste, MDH will analyze market data even to the extent of product quantity and shape, in hopes of predicting forthcoming trends and reflect these in the development of new products SITUATION ANALYSIS Growing interest in healthy eating and convenience has set the pace for this growth. Consumers have been boosting their consumption of whole grains. At the same time, they are buying more highly processed convenience foods like sandwiches, pizzas, and tortillas which often contain large amounts of flour. This situation reflects a turnaround in flours fortunes. . . Types of Flour Wheat flour is the primary grain product consumed in the United States. Thats apparent in the wide variety of food products prepared from flour: packaged flour for home baking, bakery mixes, breads, cakes, cookies, crackers, and pastas. Flour is also used in breakfast cereals, gravies, and soups. Overall, products classified in the bread and cake industry Roller flour mills, producing wheat products like atta, maida and suji are struggling for survival, since wheat has vanished from the markets in india such as uttar Pradesh. Many mills have closed down while others were running at less then 50 per cent of their total capacity utilisation. The total annual installed capacity of Uttar Pradesh was 40 lakh million tonne at one time. COMPETITOR ARE; Shakti bhog 10-15% market share Annapurna 40% market share Pillsbury approx 5-10% These are the competitors of MDH aata as we see Annapurna has the leading market share as number one brand so for to compete with we use latest technology so that amount of vitamins,minerals maintains a high rate. TECHNOLOGY The machines used by us is of latest technology which made good quality aata which is free from moisture,humidity contains an appropriate amount of vitamins, proteins starch carbohydrates which is useful for customer. For to satisfy the customer needs we take care so that cost reduces profit increases with quality of product. SWOT ANALYSIS The strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis provides a snapshot of MDH AATAinternal strengths weaknesses and external opportunities and threats. STRENGTHS 1MDH is Indias largest industry producing spices having a prestigious image in the mind of consumers. RD expenditure is very high in all other existing segments as well as for its MDH aata. Shri Dharmpal ji the Founder of MDH is extremely knowledgeable, personally and financially dedicated to making the business a success. ‘ Just In Time Production Active and committed advisory council. Well developed distribution network. WEAKNESSES Though it has considerable anecdotal information the company is lacking of marketing research. Internal dispute among its subsidiary companies OPPORTUNITIES To capture the market share as using the latest technology.. MDH which is new for Indian Flour industry Government policies like the automatic approval for FDI up to 100% Introduction of new products Online activities, online buying 6 .Easy availability of credit, lower interest rate and higher consumer confidence and gradual recovery witnessed in business cycle. THREATS The major threat comes from rich and big competitors who dominate the Indian market. From companies like Annapurna having market share more than 40% TARGET MARKET STRATEGY As MDH producing its new product that is aata so it has to target the market where he lacks .generally branded aata is purchased in urban region not in rural area.So it our target to capture the market rural as well as urban so that we cater the needs and provide satisfication to customer along with getting market share. And to provide the goods and services in the region where lacks so that market size increases. VALUE CONSIOUS Those that are looking for the ideal combination of high fuel economy and low maintenance cost in long run at an affordable price. All three groups are likely to be exposed to the same degree of outdoor and ambient advertising. It is difficult to estimate the exact size of each group, but most buyers will be a mix of all three and not only one reason will motivate a purchase. The overall size of these groups is probably fairly small and will explain why products are not more common yet. CAMPAIGN OBJECTIVES Objectives are important to clarify and set an objective set of targets that ought to be achieved by the planned actions. Objectives exist on three levels; Corporate, marketing and communication. Corporate objective can be summarized as shareholder wealth maximization and is ultimately achieved through higher profits and increased sales. Marketing objectives are the successful introduction of a Marketing communication activities are a vital part in achieving the above two and have to be Coordinated with all other company activities (production, sales, purchasing). Strengthening the relationship with the MDH brand. Increase the consideration of MDH when planning to purchase flour. The target market should be reached as fully as possible Customer and Consumers have to be made aware of a new product and its brand name. PUBLIC RELATIONS â€Å"The development and maintenance of good relationships with different public groups†. Public relations are useful because they enjoy a high credibility at a low cost, but the exact message cannot be controlled. This communication form will be of major importance for the MDH campaign as many buyers draw their information from the media. Personal selling is very important because a car is a high involvement product and affords more Conviction for purchase which is given by PS. personal selling will be carried out by the local dealers who in advance should have been trained to be familiar with the MDH Atta (dealership launch material, conferences) and its advantages and how to overcome objections. CREATIVE STRATEGY The MDH Atta offers features that no other product offers. These unique selling points should be emphasized in the promotions and any barriers to purchase are weakened at the same time (unique selling Proposition strategy). To appeal to the target market promotions should promote the car and its users to be innovative imaginative, bold, intelligent, revolutionary and pioneering. It would make sense to create different executions to target one of the three mindsets identified in the target market and emphasizing their reasons to buy and refute their individual barriers to buy. MARKETING MIX PRODUCT As product is sum total of tangible and intangible attributes including productdesign, style,size, quality, colour,brand name ,labeling etc. So we produce the product in such a way which has all the qualities so that customer takes the proper benefit. Here in case of aata we produce it in such a way so that it carry all the features of good product.. PLACE/DISTRIBUTION Place is the distribution mix. It is concerned with the smooth flow of goodsandservices from the producer to consumer by creating time, place and possession utility. It signifies two things namely physical distribution and the channels of distribution.It also includes transportation, warehousing, inventory control,wholeselling etc. So we create the utility in such a way so that there is proper distribution of goods.. PRICE Price is the value of a product expressed in terms of money.It is a matter of vital importance to the buyer or seller.Exchange of goods and services takes place when buyer is willing to purchase at the proper price. As in case of this aata we set the price in such a way so that it will low then the competitor price and it is of better quality. We set the price in such a way so that their will be proper profit margin, considering the terms of credit and other policies. PROMOTION SALES PROMOTION Monetary incentives to buy, is most effective to trigger a decision or purchase. SP is useful at the beginning of the product life cycle to increase acceptance or provoke a trial. MDH is selling the aata beneath its production cost. However an additional third party sales promotion mechanism has been put into place: Power shift, a government backed agency, To get the biggest benefit out of this MDH should advertise this fact. Otherwise SP should be used spontaneously once a slowdown in sales can be detected (PLC). ADVERTISING a paid form of non-personal mass communication from an identified sponsor, should be the major communication mix ingredient for this campaign. Advertising is controllable, but expensive esp. TV. Advertising can be used to increase awareness, create interest and inform about MDH AATA USPs. Customers or consumer are reached by placing adverts in their target media. Direct mail in the form of newsletters can useful for this campaign to create awareness (pre launch) and inform or offer of opportunity to book a test drive. MDH has already a database in place but can also buy further data. Direct mail is also important when targeting the corporate buyers and provides them with detailed information about the MDH. PACKAGING Packaging is supposed to be the fifth P in marketing. After product, price, place and promotion, packaging is the element which holds the maximum importance in the marketing of a product. As majority of the purchase decisions are made in store, we ensure that our products are attractively packed so as to capture the attention of the buyers. Our products are packaged in different quantities depending upon the different segment and market. MARKETING RESEARCH Good marketer wants insight to help them interpret past performance as well as plan future activities. They need timely, accurate and actionable information about consumers competition and their brands .they also need to make the best possible tactical decisions in the long run. Discovering a consumer insight and understanding its marketing implication can often lead to a successful product launch or spur the growth of the brand. MDHis doing extensive marketing research to understand consumers preferences and also the competitors strategies. It has a separate RD department which conducts online as well as offline surveys to know what consumers think about its offerings and what are their feedbacks The financial objective is to be financially solvent within the first two years of operation. The various expenditure on various operational activities are as follow- Online advertising; button and banner advertising on automotive websites and on online sites of target media Rs 1, 000, 000 Direct Mail news Letter Rs 500000 TV short Rs 3,00000 Print Rs 3, 00000 Outdoor RS 1, 00000 Sponsorship of MDH target group relevant events, celebrity Endorsement Sales Promotion, to be Confirmed Rs 20000000 Other: Promotions Sales Promotion Personal Dealer activity absorbed in Overheads Testing end of campaign Evaluation Rs 20000000 First year total: Rs 4,00000000.Second year total: Rs 3,00000000 .Third year total; Rs 2,000,00000 Considering the small target group of the MDH and the small projected sales figures a budget of Rs 9million over three years seems appropriate, however I would recommend reallocating the budget. That way the launch period communications can be intensified. Three years are also likely to correspond to the Product of this since car manufacturer have increased their output to keep demand high. ORGANSATIONAL STRUCTURE AND PLAN As well established company Reliance currently has many members on its staffs. However its automobile section is new. As this section matures into a stable and profitable organization the need for employees will grow. The first forseeable employee need is in the area of sales. The plan is to hire salespersons in early 2009 to allow Mr. Dharmpal ji to continue his consulting on a regular basis ,while at the same time ensuring a steady supply of for continued development efforts. To obtain the financial flexibility needed to manage its cash flow successfully the company has made contractors a significant component of its workforce SALES OBJECTIVE Sales of Rs 350,000,0 by the end of 2009,sales of Rs 1 million by the year 2011 and by the year 2013 sales of Rs 3 billion SUMMARY The recommended marketing and communications strategy that makes use of advertising, PR, new media and direct mail. Personal selling will be provided by the existing network of local dealers. Advertising will use TV, Print and outdoor media to initiate purchases. The Internet will play an important role for both advertising and direct mail, using a modern medium to underline the advanced character of this aata. However that this plan so far is only a model/ plan, and not definitive, it can and is likely to change esp. if pre or post-testing give negative results. Before realizing the proposed action a long planning period with frequent meetings of all parties is necessary to ensure the integrity and unanimous messages of the campaign. REFRENCES Financial Times 1999 2001. Various issues. Key Note. 2002. The Green Ethical Consumer. Market Assessment. Varey, Richard. 2002. Marketing Communication. London: Routledge. 4. Pickton, David and Broderick, Amanda. 2001. Integrated Marketing Communications. Harlow:Prentice Hall 5. Fitzgerald, Maureen and Arnott, David. 2000. Marketing Communications Classics. London: Business Press, Thomson Learning Westwood, John. 1990. The Marketing Plan. London: Kogan Page Limited.

Free College Admissions Essays: Emerging from the Shadows :: College Admissions Essays

Emerging from the Shadows She stands a staggering 5 feet 2 inches tall, weighs a massive 95 pounds, and has short, brown hair and brown eyes. I see my older sister Leslie. Others see a model of perfection. Don't get me wrong, my sister and I are close and have been inseparable since birth. My mother has kept pictures of us ranging from the time we shared a playpen as babies to just recently at Leslie's graduation. For seventeen years, we've shared every life experience imaginable, and we've dealt with the trials and tribulations that come with growing up. But in September, she left home to attend the University of California at Irvine, leaving me to face life alone. However, it gave me the opportunity to live life by myself as Ryan, instead of Leslie's little brother. Since the beginning, I have gone to the same school as Leslie, and almost every year I got stuck with a teacher that she had had the previous year. Being only eleven months younger than my sibling made the memory of Leslie, being the bright student that she is, easier for my teachers to recall. Every September for eleven years I was greeted by all of my teachers with the same "Oh you're Leslie's little brother." This was really no big deal. The following year, my fifth grade teacher said to me, "Oh you're Leslie's little brother?" This normally did not faze me since it happened to me several times before with different people, but on this occasion, it was the same person. This upset me a little. At first this association with my scholarly sister did not bother me too much. If anything I found it beneficial because I believed that it would help me build relationships with my teachers. But with each passing year, the little comments and remarks literally ate away at my identity. Comments like "You did good, but Leslie got a better grade last year," can easily destroy a child's self-esteem. As I became older, I started believing that I was not growing up as myself, but rather as the product of someone else. It almost made me happy to see older teachers leave and others take their place. Unfortunately, school made up only half of the problem. The other half occurred in the one place where it really should not but often did: at home. Free College Admissions Essays: Emerging from the Shadows :: College Admissions Essays Emerging from the Shadows She stands a staggering 5 feet 2 inches tall, weighs a massive 95 pounds, and has short, brown hair and brown eyes. I see my older sister Leslie. Others see a model of perfection. Don't get me wrong, my sister and I are close and have been inseparable since birth. My mother has kept pictures of us ranging from the time we shared a playpen as babies to just recently at Leslie's graduation. For seventeen years, we've shared every life experience imaginable, and we've dealt with the trials and tribulations that come with growing up. But in September, she left home to attend the University of California at Irvine, leaving me to face life alone. However, it gave me the opportunity to live life by myself as Ryan, instead of Leslie's little brother. Since the beginning, I have gone to the same school as Leslie, and almost every year I got stuck with a teacher that she had had the previous year. Being only eleven months younger than my sibling made the memory of Leslie, being the bright student that she is, easier for my teachers to recall. Every September for eleven years I was greeted by all of my teachers with the same "Oh you're Leslie's little brother." This was really no big deal. The following year, my fifth grade teacher said to me, "Oh you're Leslie's little brother?" This normally did not faze me since it happened to me several times before with different people, but on this occasion, it was the same person. This upset me a little. At first this association with my scholarly sister did not bother me too much. If anything I found it beneficial because I believed that it would help me build relationships with my teachers. But with each passing year, the little comments and remarks literally ate away at my identity. Comments like "You did good, but Leslie got a better grade last year," can easily destroy a child's self-esteem. As I became older, I started believing that I was not growing up as myself, but rather as the product of someone else. It almost made me happy to see older teachers leave and others take their place. Unfortunately, school made up only half of the problem. The other half occurred in the one place where it really should not but often did: at home.

Why advertising is an ethical problem Essay -- essays research papers

Why is advertising an ethical problem? †¢ If it is, it is because it is often intrusive, deceptive, or manipulative -- or, at least, this is what people say about it. †¢ Another problem is the money and resources devoted to advertising; billions are spent each year (around $500 billion in fact) that, perhaps, could go to education, health care, research, reforestation, or other worthy causes. We'll come back to this, but first we look at the problem of deception. †¢ Could argue that it distorts our whole economy; it is not merely that we are bombarded by it all the time, but may even impede certain important functions such as free debate. What gets published in newspapers and journals often becomes a function of what advertisers are willing to support. Advertising also has an indirect but powerful impact on society through its influence on media. Many publications and broadcasting operations depend on advertising revenue for survival. This often is true of religious media as well as commercial media. For their part, advertisers naturally seek to reach audiences; and the media, striving to deliver audiences to advertisers, must shape their content so to attract audiences of the size and demographic composition sought. This economic dependency of media and the power it confers upon advertisers carries with it serious responsibilities for both. PROS†¦. a) Economic Benefits of Advertising 5. Advertising can play an important role in the process by which an economic system guided by moral norms and responsive to the common good contributes to human development. Advertising does this, among other ways, by informing people about the availability of rationally desirable new products and services and improvements in existing ones, helping them to make informed, prudent consumer decisions, contributing to efficiency and the lowering of prices, and stimulating economic progress through the expansion of business and trade. b) Benefits of Political Advertising Political advertising can make a contribution to democracy analogous to its contribution to economic well being in a market system guided by moral norms. So political advertising can make its contribution by informing people about the ideas and policy proposals of parties and candidates, including new candidates not previously kn... ...lve the use of subliminal messages Apply normative principles Business people could be introduced to different systems of ethical analysis., for example, refers to four normative first principles that he believes should be taught: i. The Utilitarian Principle: Act in a way that results in the greatest good for the greatest number. ii. Kant's Categorical Imperative: Act in such a way that the action taken under the circumstances could be a universal law or rule of behavior. iii. Personal Justice: Act so the least advantaged members of society will be benefited to some extent. iv. Personal Liberty: Act so the ability of other members of society to lead lives of self-fulfillment and self-development will be maximized Good ethics is Good business While this appears an admirable sentiment which would ensure ethical conduct, some writers take a far more cynical view, and argue that some corporations may be more concerned with public relations than action; "they want to appear good, not be good". On the other hand, this option does seem the most likely to lead to ethical behavior, even if the hypothesized links between profitability and ethical behavior are suspect.

Building effective technical skills

Chief operating officer The organization is headed by the COO. All the department heads will be reporting to him. The activities of all departments will be assessed and approved by him. 1. Legal & Statutory department: This department is represented by the Manager – Regulatory affairs. He will take care of all regulatory registrations, their renewals, their compliances, disputes arising due to non compliances, etc. He will be a line employee reporting to the COO. 2. Human Resources Department: Manager – HRD is the head of this department.He is a line employee who takes care of recruitment, training, remunerations, discipline, appraisals, outsourced services, etc. An Officer- HR, a staff employee reports to the Manager – HR. He takes care of time office, salaries and wages, documentation, coordination with other departments, etc. 3. Finance Department: Manager – Finance is the head of the department. He is a line employee taking care of budgeting, fund plan ning, taxations, accounting, auditing, etc. He is assisted by an accountant, a staff employee, who takes care of documentation, cash flow, ledger maintenance, day book maintenance, etc.Cashier, a staff employee takes care of billings, cash transactions, cash deposition, etc. He reports to the Manager – Finance. 4. Sales & Marketing Department: Manager – Sales & Marketing heads the department. He is a line employee taking care of market research, planning, promotions, advertisements, store design & set up, sales, customer feedbacks and complaints, etc Building effective technical skills 04 Executive – Market Research, a line employee having a sound knowledge about the type of books reports to Manager – Sales & Marketing. He utilizes his skills to forecastcustomer requirements and identify an adapted product mix from time to time. Executive – Media is a line employee, reporting to the Manager – Sales & marketing, taking care of media and magaz ine advertisements, promotional programs, etc. Executive – Stores Operations, a line employee, reports to the manager – Sales & Marketing. He is responsible for the store design, displays, maintenance, etc. He co ordinates with the Inventory department to organize stocks. Retail sales persons are staffs reporting to the Executive – Stores Operations. They take care of sales at various sales counters or sales zones.They are responsible for the packing and forwarding of the purchased books to the delivery department. 5. Inventory Department: Manager – Inventory heads the department. His span management includes procurement, warehouse management, inventory control, etc. He co ordinates with the Manager – Sales & marketing to ensure that the stock levels are maintained properly. Purchase assistant, a staff employee reports to the Manager – Inventory. He takes care of purchase order preparations, stock receipts, inward stocks verification, return of damaged stocks, etc. Stores assistant reports to the Manager – Inventory and he is a staff.He takes care of warehouse management, inventory control, documentation, etc. 6. Systems Department – Executive – Systems, is a line employee taking care of computer hardware, billing software, etc used by the organization. He reports to the COO. Co ordination Mechanism: The co ordination mechanism in such a book store is as follows. The Executive – Market research makes a thorough study of the market and prepares an adapted product mix. This is sent to the Manager – Inventory. The Stores assistant assesses the stock situation in the book store and the warehouse. He sends a stock report to the Manager – Inventory.Based on the market requirements and the stock situation, the Manager – Inventory prepares the Procurement plan. He directs the Purchase assistant to conduct purchases based on the procurement plan. This cycle repeats on a regular f requency. Comparison of a traditional book store and an online book store This is a traditional bookstore, operated by a traditional Hierarchical structure. The quantum of work involved is more and hence a relatively higher number of employees are employed. The information flows from the top level to the bottom level through paper correspondences or mail communications.These shops are slow in adapting to the market changes. The stocks are usually built and maintained based on the market forecasts. Hence, this type of stores usually carries a large inventory and hence requires a lot of space. This has a direct impact on the financial overheads. The book stores like â€Å"Barnes & Noble†, â€Å"Amazon† or â€Å"Border† are online bookstores since 90’s. They are E enabled business concerns. They make use of the web and the Information and communication Technology (ICT). Hierarchical flow of information is less. The flow of information is through digital mode and fast.They usually maintain low inventories. They take the order from the customers, procure the requirements from the suppliers and deliver them to the customers directly. Their inventory carrying costs are much lower. The quantum of work involved is less and the flow of information is more. The savings due to the reduction in the inventory levels are passed on to the customers. References 1. Electronic Commerce: Opportunities and Challenges by Syed Mahbubur Rahman, Mahesh Raisinghani 2. The E-Commerce Book by Steffano Korper and Juanita Ellis. 3. Electronic Commerce: The New Business Platform for the Internet by Debra Cameron

Factors and Hazards of Infant Development Essay

Two hazards I find important to avoid are alcohol consumption and addictive drugs. In this paper I will explain the importance of these three factors and hazards. The most important factor in an infant’s development is obtaining early prenatal care. Women should make an appointment as soon as she suspects she is pregnant (Marotz & Allen, 2012). It is not good to rely on home pregnancy tests because they are sometimes not accurate especially in the early days and weeks. A health care provider can determine if you’re pregnant or not on this visit. Also, on the visit any medical issues the mother has can be evaluated and treated (2012). As long as there is no issues mothers can be encouraged to do noncontact exercise. Exercise will help with weight gain, muscles, and believed the help with easier labor and delivery (2012). â€Å"A lack of prenatal care is often associated with an increased rate of medical complications, preterm births, low birth weight infants, fetal death, and disabilities† (p. 52). A very important hazard to avoid in infant development is alcohol consumption. This can have serious consequences for mother and fetus (Marotz & Allen, 2012). â€Å"Mothers who consume alcohol during pregnancy have a greater risk of miscarriages, still births, premature infants, and low-birth-weight infants. The incidence of fetal death is also significantly higher† (p. 58). According to Marots & Allen the mother and infant share a common circulatory system so they   3 both are affected by any alcohol that is consumed. The alcohol remains in the infants system longer than the mothers (2012). â€Å"Heavy or binge drinking is associated with a preventable condition known as fetal alcohol syndrome, which causes mental and growth retardation, behavior and learning problems, poor motor coordination, heart defects, characteristic facial deformities, and speech impairments† (p. 58-59). Another hazard to avoid is addictive drugs. Also chemicals have a major effect on development. Some of these include pesticides, fertilizers, prescriptions, nonprescription, and street drugs (Marotz & Allen, 2012). Some of the side effects of these drugs and chemicals are malformations, fetal death, premature birth, and lifelong behavior and learning disabilities (2012). â€Å"The nature and severity of an infant’s abnormalities seem to be influenced by the timing of exposure during fetal development, the amount and type of substance, the mother’s general state of health, and maternal and fetal genetics† (p. 60). Women should check with their health care provider before taking any prescription or nonprescription drugs to determine if it will be harmful for the infant. In infant development many factors and hazards are important. A woman must be very careful with everything she does. The three topics I discussed are very important to me. Seeking prenatal care will help in so many ways. The doctor can help to make sure you’re on the right track with development and also tell you what hazards to stay away from like alcohol consumption and addictive drugs and chemicals.